Fairhill is a neighborhood on the east side of the North Philadelphia section of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. Fairhill is located in an area between Kensington Avenue and 6th Street ranging from York Street to Gurney Street/Clearfield Street.[1] The neighborhood serves as the center of the Hispanic community of Philadelphia known as "El Centro de Oro." Fairhill is adjacent to Harrowgate, Hartranft, Glenwood, and West Kensington.[2]
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The area that is now the Fairhill neighborhood was at one time home to the Norris Family’s Fair Hill estate. It is also home to the Fair Hill Burial Ground, a cemetery that Quakers established in 1703.[3] George Fox obtained the land for the cemetery from William Penn. The cemetery is on the National Register for Historic Places.
Fairhill began to develop its urban character in the 1880s. Many of the new residents at this time were German immigrants, particularly German Catholics.[4] With the approval of the Archdiocese and the help of Fr. Henry Stommel of Doylestown, the German Catholic families in the area established Saint Bonaventure Parish (also known as Saint Bonaventura) in 1890. The original parish building was at Ninth and Auburn Streets. After establishing the parish, Fr. Stommel turned over its leadership to Fr. Hubert Hammeke, a German immigrant priest. In 1894, the parish began building a Gothic style church. Fr. Hammeke served as the project manager for the church’s construction and construction on the new church finished in 1906. The finished church at Ninth and Cambria Streets included an impressive clock tower and spire that still remain intact. Fr. Hammeke would lead the parish until his death in 1937.
In the 1950s, the demographics of the Fairhill area began to change.[4] The German-American families began leaving the neighborhood with African-Americans and Latinos – mainly Puerto Ricans – taking their place. By 1975, the parish had initiated a Spanish mass and a Carino Center for Spanish-speaking children. The parish, including the school, closed in 1993. The church building stands vacant today.
As of the census[5] of 2010, the racial makeup of Fairhill is 82% Hispanic of any race, 13% non Hispanic Black, 4% non Hispanic White, 1% Asian. It has the highest concentration of Hispanics of any neighborhood in Philadelphia, which is over 10 times larger than the overall percentage of Hispanics living in Philadelphia. The neighborhood is mainly made up of Puerto Ricans, But also has significant populations of Dominicans, Colombians, as well as other Hispanics. Its poverty rate is 61%, which is about five times the national average, as of Census 2010.{{Citation nee ded|date=January 2009}}
In 2002 23.5% of the houses in Fairhill were occupied by the owners. 85% of the housing in Fairhill consists of row houses. 2.6% of the buildings in the area are zoned for commercial use; Steve Volk of Philadelphia Weekly stated that efforts to replace drug dealing with legitimate commercial activity have been stymied in recent years.[6]
Steve Lopez's novel Third and Indiana made the intersection well known.[7][8] The intersection of 3rd Street and Indiana Avenue was listed number two in a 2007 list of the city's top ten recreational drug corners according to an article by Philadelphia Weekly reporter Steve Volk. Other intersections in Fairhill included in the list of the top drug corners included Fifth Street and Westmoreland Street in third place, and A Street and Westmoreland Street in seventh place.[8]
The United States Post Office operates the Fairhill Post Office in Suite 2 at 217 West Lehigh Avenue.[9]
School District of Philadelphia operates public schools. Fairhill School, a K-8 school, serves Fairhill.[10] Residents zoned to Fairhill School are also zoned to Thomas Alva Edison High School / John C. Fareira Skills Center.[11] Fairhill Community High School (FCHS), an alternative charter high school for dropouts and students at risk for dropping out, is located in Fairhill.[12]